Artificial intelligence (AI) is a transformative tool in many industries. Companies and organizations deploy it for everything from process automation to customer recommendations. Though the wine industry values traditional approaches and time-tested methods, it, too, is embracing AI.
Though it relies on advanced algorithms to assess vast amounts of data in seconds, AI relies on relatively straightforward strategies. The programs collect information, analyze it, and find patterns. These patterns are reported to users or used to make decisions for automation. With high-powered computer hardware, this straightforward approach can seem like a superpower, with AI programs able to deliver advanced insights in mere seconds that would take human analysts weeks to find.
Here is a look at three areas where AI is already impacting the wine industry and predictions about changes it could bring in the near future.
Viticulture
Grape growing is the first step in winemaking. Winemakers try to capture the unique characteristics of each vineyard to create grapes that showcase the flavors offered by the environment. The natural qualities imbued in the grape, known as the terroir in the wine world, are a major consideration for winemakers and connoisseurs.
AI cannot help create or change the terroir, but it can help monitor conditions in the vineyard to ensure the health of the vines.
AI programs can collect data from numerous sources, from weather stations and soil samples to sensors and drone images. It can then analyze this information and find insights that improve vineyard management.
For instance, the program can look at rainfall data and sunshine hours and determine the more efficient schedule for watering the grapes. It might also be able to analyze soil samples from different areas and decide which portions of the vineyard need additional fertilizers or nutrients.
In the era of climate change, such insights can be invaluable. They can allow growers to make adjustments each season to account for changing conditions. Not only does this help with watering and soil nutrient changes, but it also protects vineyard workers from overcompensating. They can look at the data to modify their practices and limit the danger of overwatering or over-fertilizing.
Finally, AI can quickly detect patterns that can help predict disease outbreaks or detect the first signs of a pest infestation. These early warnings can help vineyard managers to deal with the issue before it disrupts the growing cycle. Catching the problem early on may also allow vintners to use less invasive measures to treat their grapes, like adding organic nutrients or pest traps, instead of relying on chemical treatments or pesticides.
Supply and Distribution
The journey from vineyard to table involves complex distribution networks. Wineries and distributors are implementing AI solutions to optimize their supply chains, making more efficient inventory management, streamlining shipping routes, and forecasting demand accurately.
AI programs can accurately predict demand by defining past trends and projecting them into the future. Machine learning programs can add other variables that cause demand to fluctuate to paint an even more accurate picture. For instance, the program can account for new consumer trends.
For instance, if AI predicts a surge in red wine and sweet wine sales during winter months, wineries can adjust production and inventory levels accordingly.
Also, AI can confirm expected seasonal trends. Most winemakers expect a rise in white wine or rosé sales during summer. AI can help verify this based on early-season sales patterns.
AI can also help streamline logistics. For example, the software can optimize routes in real time to minimize trips and transportation costs. This added efficiency can also lower carbon emissions associated with shipping the wine from the winery to liquor store shelves.
Programs can also analyze wines and their flavors in incredible detail. One study from the University of Geneva uses AI to analyze chromatograms (graphs of chemical components) of wines. Researchers were able to identify the location of wines from the Bordeaux region, down to a cluster of wineries. If developed, this technology can help define the chemical components that make up the terroir of a specific area. It also has the power to virtually eliminate wine fraud.
Market and Consumer Preferences
Understanding consumer preferences is crucial for many winemakers. Large wineries and famous brands can live off their reputations and marketing might. But smaller growers need to meet the demands of the market.
The data-crunching capability of AI helps with this challenge. AI-powered tools can analyze vast amounts of consumer data, including purchase history, online reviews, media coverage, and even social media interactions. This data can reveal trends and help define market categories and audiences for specific wine varieties.
These insights can help plan the production of specific wines and flavor profiles, and they can also aid in targeting marketing efforts for particular audiences, locations, or demographics. It can reveal the increasing profile of specific wine-growing regions, which can help distributors and retailers increase their supplies early before the trend becomes evident, increasing demand and prices.
AI can predict demand, but it is not a substitute for education. The program can tell the industry what to make and sell, but it cannot help replace the fundamental knowledge needed to fully enjoy wine. Both this knowledge and knowledge of wine pairings are essential for retailers, restauranteurs, and vintners to determine what will satisfy their customers. Consumers can also educate themselves by learning how to pair wines with specific foods and discover how the tannin content and aging conditions affect flavor, so they can choose products they enjoy.
Future Possibilities
Though AI can’t replace basic wine knowledge, it can help enhance it. For instance, the future could see virtual sommeliers who suggest wines based on a variety of data points including food pairing, season, price range, and personal preferences.
AI can also influence the wine industry in other ways, as the first generation of wine recommendation apps are now available, which can provide suggestions to buyers based on their current tastes. Other advanced programs include virtual sommeliers, which aim to help manage an individual’s wine cellar and provide advice on ideal wine pairings.
Overall, AI can enhance the sustainability of the wine industry by streamlining distribution and making vineyard management more efficient. Not only will these lead to higher-quality wine, but they will also help the industry become more sustainable. While not a substitute for wine knowledge and the real-world experience of vineyard managers and winemakers, AI can work alongside both professionals and consumers to make the industry more successful and accessible.
